G-eaeral Development of the G.H.I. daring 1955 
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tinuously at night seconds time-signals for geodetical purposes as mutually 
planned with the Bundespost and the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt. 
For the operation of 2 quartz clocks - to start with - which have been 
built in the G.H.I.'s own workshop, based on data supplied by the Physika 
lisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, work in connection with wiring and supply 
mains was commenoed the same as the construction of auxiliary and control 
apparatuses to be used therewith. 
The steadily growing demands for higher accuracy in the international 
time service were met by procuring and building adequate auxiliary and recor 
ding gear which latter was likewise done in the own workshop of the G.H.I. 
The Chronometer testing service experienced another increase in the 
number of ship's chronometers submitted to be tested. Shipping circles often 
took advantage of the possibility to hire chronometers-from the G.H.I. 
In the year under review numerous investigations, trials and testings 
of nautical equipment and instruments were carried out in the field of 
nautical technics serving the improvement of safety of ships at sea, and 
testing facilities were accomplished or procured. Prom the number of investi 
gations the following deserve to be especially mentioned. The determination of 
the minimum distances of instruments used as radio aids to navigation from 
the ship's compasses; examination into the dynamical error of magnetic com 
passes; the construction of a device to absorb ship's vibrations caused to 
magnetic compass equipments with tele-indication (MKP), as well as some 
measurements of accelerations of the ship's motion due to the state of the sea 
In the field of echo sounding experiments were carried out with echo - 
sounding equipments of various frequencies, pulse Outputs and pulse lengths 
to detect the depth down to which the sound penetrates. Bottom profiles in 
the Biscay and the Norwegian trench were checked. 
As far as radio aids to navigation are concerned, the points at issue 
are especially: Continuation of investigations into the stability of the 
Consol radio beacon Stavanger as well as of the German Decca chain; in coope-. 
ration with the Deutsche Bundespost, field intensity measurements on marine 
radio beacons in the Forth Sea and Baltic working on the medium wave as well 
as for the setting up of a coastal very high frequency telecommunication net. 
Furthermore, type testings in nautical and technical respects were carried out 
of 5 shipborne radio direction finding instruments, of 2 radar equipments, 
1 Decca Navigator equipment manufactured in licence by Messrs.Telefunken, as 
well as of 3 echo sounding equipments of different factories. 
As expected, the number of 'instruments and position lanterns handed in 
to be tested in Hamburg or at the agencies of the G.H.I. has again Increased 
the same as the number of inquiries answered. Advice was given in connection 
with the endeavours exerted by the nautical industry to standardize single 
parts of compasses and Sextants. The testing regulations for these instruments