She et al. 
Integrated Coastal and Biological Observing 
Frontiers in Marine Science | www.frontiersin.org 
6 
July 2019 | Volume 6 | Article 314 
• Contribute to a global observatory network, using 
standard protocols, techniques, and appropriate platforms, 
and ensuring quality, scalability, interoperability and 
comparability, especially for biological observing. 
Parameter Integration 
• Support parameter integration to deliver efficiently and 
timely marine observations in the entire spectrum of 
ocean variables and significantly improve the efficiency 
of the data use. 
• Bring together and connect the different marine and 
maritime stakeholders (from research, operational service, 
environmental assessment to commercial activities), 
developing common data policy to engage data providers 
from different sectors for wider data access. 
• Support integration initiatives, like the EMODnet, EOOS 
and the agreement between MBON, the GOOS Biology 
and Ecosystems Panel, and the OBIS; to facilitate user 
applications and unlock the value of observations. 
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Instrumental Integration 
• Support instrumental integration to deliver the best 
monitoring products through integrating different 
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• Filling knowledge gaps for the development of coastal 
and ecological services, e.g., biogeochemical and biological 
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AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS 
All authors listed have made a substantial, direct and intellectual 
contribution to the work, and approved it for publication. 
FUNDING 
This work was supported by Danish Meteorological Institute. 
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Conflict of Interest Statement: The authors declare that the research was 
conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could 
be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 
Copyright © 2019 She, Muñiz Piniella, Benedetti-Cecchi, Boehme, Boero, 
Christensen, Crowe, Darecki, Nogueira, Gremare, Hernandez, Kouts, Kromkamp, 
Petihakis, Sousa Pinto, Reissmann, Tuomi and Zingone. This is an open-access article 
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