Ocean Dynamics
Ö Springer
Fig. 11 Monthly mean (a) and
annual mean (b) bias of SST from
the MME mean, MME median,
and the ensemble members in the
Baltic Sea in 2014. The
percentage of available satellite
data per month is marked as
dotted line
FCOO DMIDKSS BSHcmod BSHHBM SMHI03 SMHI01 FMIhirlam FMlec DMI MMEmeanMMEmedian
4.2 Seasonal changes of sea surface salinity
4.2.1 North Sea
The annual averages of the MME mean and the standard
deviation for SSS are shown in Fig. 14. The extent of fresh
water tongues from the river plumes in the southern North
Sea is reflected by standard deviations of more than 5
whereas the values increase to 9 close to the river mouths.
Fligh standard deviations in these areas indicate that the
freshwater inputs from the large rivers are simulated differ
ently by the models. This further leads to the differences in
the seaward extensions of the river plumes. These variances
are probably caused by the differing methods or data sets
that are used for river discharge in the models as highlighted
in section 2.1.
Fig. 12 Monthly mean (a) and
annual mean (b) RMSD of SST
from the MME mean, MME
median, and the ensemble
members in the Baltic Sea in
2014. The percentage of available
satellite data per month is marked
as dotted line
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
0.9 r
FCOO DMIDKSS BSHcmod BSHHBM SMHI03 SMHI01 FMIhirlam FMlec DMI MMEmearMMEmedlan