Atmosphere 2022, 13, 1634 
9 of 21 
“4° 
Figure 4. Sea level pressure fields for 14 March to 19 March 2018 with the respective LAMB weather 
types and gale indices derived from daily averages of ERA5 sea level pressure; the grid points used 
for the LWT classification (see also Figure la) are also marked again. 
3.3. Timeseries of Extreme Low Water Events at Cuxhaven 
Based on the definition given in Section 2.2.1, we identified 271 ELWSs for Cuxhaven 
and the period 1950-2019 (see Figure 5). The number of ELWs as depicted in Figure 5 is 
characterized by high interannual variability; there is no statistically significant trend in 
the observation period. 
n 251 
5 
% 201 
U 
= 15 
m 10 
5 . 
* 
0 A L * ey, „a %zk A Wr ; 
1950 19650 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 
Year 
3 
=> 
Figure 5. Distribution of the number of ELWs per year (stars; mean value as dashed line) at the tide 
gauge Cuxhaven for the time period from 1950 to 2019. 
Figure 6 shows the monthly distribution of the 271 ELWs. All 271 ELWSs occurred 
between October and April, most of them in January, February and March. This is in line 
with expectations as winter and early spring are usually marked with higher synoptic 
variability in the atmosphere which is a pronounced succession of comparably stronger 
nigh and low pressure systems.