10 
formula and 
congener groups 
This expression describes the total of all compounds in a technical 
PCA mixture. Both the length of the carbon chain as well as the 
number of chlorine atoms can vary (see also congener). 
FS 
Research vessel (Forschungsschiff) 
GA 
Research vessel GAUSS 
Gadumor 
Gadua morhua, cod 
GC 
Gas Chromatography 
GPC 
Gel Permeation Chromatography 
HCB 
Hexachlorobenzene 
HCH 
Hexachlorocyclohexane 
HELCOM 
Helsinki Commission 
HFBAA 
Heptafluorobutyric acid anhydrate 
HPLC 
High Performance Liquid Chromatography 
HRGC 
High Resolution Gas Chromatography: Separation with capllary 
columns. 
HRMS 
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry: Mass separation is carried 
out in a magnet field at mass resolutions of 5’000-10’000. This 
increased selectivity and suppresses disturbances by sample matrix 
and other organic pollutants. 
ID 
Internal Diameter 
ISTD 
Internal Standard 
Kow 
Octanol/water distribution coefficient 
LC 
Liquid Chromatography 
LC50 
Lethal concentration by which 50% of the test organisms die 
LD50 
Lethal dose, by which 50% of the test organisms die 
Lima lim 
Limanda limanda, dab 
LOD 
Limit of Detection (normally at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1): The 
height of a chromatographic signal must be three times higher than 
the chemical and electronic noise of the baseline. 
LOQ 
Limit of Quantification (normally at a signal-to-noise ratio of 
10:1): The height of a chromatographic signal must be ten times 
higher than the chemical and electronic noise of the baseline. 
1PCA 
long-chain polychlorinated n-alkancs 
LRMS 
Low Resolution Mass Spectrometry: All mass spectrometric 
techniques with so-called unit mass resolution. This means that 
ions with a mass difference of one mass unit can be separated.